In India, sugarcane, a member of the “Gramineae” family, is a common crop. In addition to funding the national exchequer, it directly or indirectly employs more than a million people. The world’s sugarcane-producing countries extend from tropical to subtropical regions between latitudes 36.7°N and 31.0°S of the equator. Sugarcane originated in New Guinea, where it’s well- known for thousands of years. These plants spread along human migration routes to Asia and the Indian subcontinent. You can get complete information about sugarcane cultivation in India.
Sugarcane Cultivation – Process
You need to know the crucial factor to help profitable commercial sugarcane farming when starting a plant-to-plant. We can offer pertinent details on more dependable tractors for sugarcane farming. If you cannot buy a new tractor, you can use the old tractor, which aids in the whole process of sugarcane cultivation. Therefore, you can choose the best tractor tyre for your tractors, such as Birla tractor tyres and any other best brand tyre. Here we are describing information about starting and operating successful sugarcane farming.
Agro-Climatic Condition
Sugarcane is a tropical plant, and it can withstand all seasons, such as winter, rain and summer, during its life cycle. The sugarcane plant thrives best in hot sunny tropical areas. The “ideal” climate for maximum sugar production from sugarcane cultivation is characterised by:
In a long, hot growing season with a high incidence of solar radiation and ample moisture (rainfall) – the plant uses 148 to 300 grams of water to produce 1.0 grams of dry matter.
Suitable Soil Required for Sugarcane Plants
Soil testing before planting is desirable when establishing sugarcane cultivation as it helps determine the optimum amount of macro and micronutrients. In addition, chemical constraints in soil, such as acidity and low fertility, are relatively easy to fix or control. In sugarcane cultivation, the optimum soil pH is around 6.5, but sugarcane can tolerate soil acidity and alkalinity. Therefore, you can grow it in soils with a pH of 5 to 8.5. If the pH is less than 5.0, or if the pH is more significant than 9.5, it is necessary to use gypsum. Very sandy soil is prone to nematode infestation.
Land Preparation for Sugarcane Cultivation
Every time farmers plant a new crop, it is essential to till the soil properly for proper germination of sets and emergence and root development of the field. Tillage is soil manipulation with suitable equipment to loosen the surface soil layer. It creates a seedbed that allows optimum soil-water-air relations and good physical conditions for early root penetration and propagation. The tillage operation is ideal and uses tractor-operated equipment. For initial tillage, use either a moldboard plough or a disc plough. It would be best to use the mouldboard plough in sugarcane cultivation whenever you turn the soil.
India’s Sugarcane Cultivation: Growth and Harvest
Planting for Sugarcane
Sugarcane is propagated clonally or vegetatively. Planting is generally considered the most expensive process. Stalk segments, also called billets, sets or seed pieces containing one or more buds, are usually planted in late summer, root in the winter season and develop into a stand. At this time, rooted plants are more vulnerable to predation and rot; Therefore, we suggest that farmers to spray the plants with insecticides and fungicides before placing them in the seedbeds.
Seed Treatment
Using good quality sugarcane seed from a nursery crop of 10-11 months; is important for better germination and growth. Seed treatment may contain 2.5% urea, 2.5% KCI, 1% Hadron and 0.05% Bavistin. Farmers can use two bud sets by treating the seeds using the abovementioned chemicals. Hot water treatment can also be done to prevent seed-borne diseases.
Growing
It may take nine to twenty-four months for sugarcane to reach a stage where it can be harvested; It mainly depends on its climatic conditions. Farmers harvest the primary crop only once and then re-growth three to four times. The crop requires drip irrigation in areas with less than 1500 mm annual rainfall.
Harvest
Farmers harvest the sugarcane by mechanical harvesters that remove the leafy tops of the cane along the rows of canes and cut the stalks into small pieces or “billets”. The billets are loaded into bins which are carried along with the harvester.
Need the Equipment in the Sugarcane Cultivation
When you want to get information about sugarcane farming, you should also know the tools that will help increase the yield. Rotavators, cultivators, tillers and tractors are essential in every agriculture. So when you use your old tractor and need to replace your front tyre, you can choose the MRF tractor front tyre for better yield while farming.
Stay tuned for more information on any farming guidelines and equipment.
