Urad farming is a pulse crop, cultivating which farmer brothers can earn good money in less time. Urad is also known in India as Kalai, Masha, Maah, and Urad. Many nutrients such as fiber, carbohydrate, protein, vitamin B complex, calcium and protein elements are abundant in urad dal. Apart from this, 8 times more leucine, lysine, isoleucine, arginine, phosphorus acid, and amino acids are found in it compared to other pulses, due to which its scientific value is high.
Besides cooking and eating urad dal, many dishes like halwa, imarti, papad, kachori, idli, big, big, puri, dosa, etc., are prepared using it. Best fodder for animals is obtained from its dry and green plants. By cultivating it, the fertility of the land also increases. Urad can be produced in India in both Kharif and Zaid seasons. The summer season is more suitable for its crop, during which it can also get more production by supplying water and fertiliser in its field.
Soil, Climate & Temperature
For the cultivation of urad, sandy loam soil is required. In addition, it is necessary to have proper drainage land for its cultivation and normal P.H. Its cultivation can be done quickly in the valued land. For productive cultivation Powertrac 445 is efficient and it is recommended as the economical tractor for farmers.
Urad crops have a tropical climate. Its plants require a dry and humid environment to grow well. Its plants grow well even in average rain. However, it needs a warm atmosphere when its crop is about to ripen.
Its plants require an average temperature to germinate in the beginning, and the temperature of 30 degrees is suitable for the growth of plants. However, its plants require more irrigation at a higher temperature of 45 degrees. Higher than this temperature is not ideal for its plants.
Field Preparation & Fertiliser Quantity
Before cultivating urad, its field is prepared by giving the proper amount of fertiliser and ploughing. For this, the first deep ploughing is done. After ploughing, the area is left like this for some time. After this, the old cow dung manure has to be mixed well in the soil as a natural fertiliser in the field. For this, two to three slant ploughing of the domain is done. Apart from this, if you want to use chemical fertilisers, you will need 80 kg DAP after sowing the seeds.
Sowing Method
Before sowing the urad seeds, they are treated with an appropriate amount of thiram or carbendazim. With this solution, the seeds are kept for 6 to 7 hours. After this, these seeds are transplanted. If the roots are planted in the permissible season, then 15 to 20 kg of seeds are required. Apart from this, only 10 to 12 K.G. seeds are required for transplanting in the Kharif season.
Urad seeds are planted in a row in the field. The machine is used for row printing. There is a distance of 10 to 15 cm between the rows prepared in the area, and the seeds are planted at a distance of 4 to 5 cm. Its roots should be sown in June to get more production in the Kharif season. Seeds are implanted in the middle of March and April for good yield during the Zayed season.
Irrigation
Urad plants require regular irrigation. Its initial irrigation is done 20 to 25 days after sowing the seed. After this, two to three more irritations are necessary at 10 to 15 days. When the pods start forming on their plants, proper moisture is required in its field during that time. Due to this, both the size and the number of grains coming out in the beans increase.
Weed Control
Both chemical and natural methods are used to control weeds in urad plants. Apart from this, the weeding method is used to control weeds by natural processes. For this, the first weeding of plants is done 30 days after sowing the seeds, and the second and third weeding has to be done at an interval of 15 days.
Harvesting
Urad plants are ready to give yield after about 80 to 90 days after sowing the seeds. When the leaves of the plants turn yellow, and the colour of the beans starts to appear black, during that time, its plants are cut from near the root. Its plants are collected and dried in the field itself. The dried beans are then removed through a thresher. Moreover, for the harvesting system Powertrac 439 are used effectively. And it comes with advanced features.
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